Park Guell (Spanish, Parque Güell) - famous park in the upper part of Barcelona , created by Antonio Gaudi in the years 1900-1914 . The park is a combination of gardens and residential areas , located in an area of 17.18 hectares.
Park Guell was designed as a green Eusebi Güell residential area in the fashion at that time the English style.For its project in 1901 Guell bought 15 hectares of land , which was cut by 62 plot for the construction of private houses. All the plots were for sale , but managed to sell only two: the desert terrain , remote from the city center , has not attracted barselontsev .
The work of the park began in 1901 and were conducted in three phases. On the first hill was built the Bald Mountain . In the second paved internal access roads, entrance halls were built and the surrounding area of the wall and colonnade of the market from the top center of the esplanade and the built model house to show prospective buyers .In the third phase was formed the famous winding bench and planned construction of several houses on plots sold . New buildings were to become an addition to the two existing houses , one of which belonged to another lawyer M. Trias Gaudi and Domenech , and put up for sale .Since there were no buyers , on the advice of Güell , in 1906 the house was purchased by Gaudi, where he lived until 1925. The third house in the park , which served as a model for potential buyers , was bought by Guell , and after some alterations turned them in 1910 at his residence. All the houses have survived .Residence Güell eventually was transferred to public school , in the former mansion is now located Gaudí House-Museum in his name and home Trias -and- Domenech and to this day belongs to the family. Economic failures of the project forced the heirs to sell the Park Güell in Barcelona City Hall , which turned it into a city park.
The most remarkable corner of the park is a central entrance with two absolutely fantastic in the form of houses. Left pinaklem pavilion surmounted by typical five-way cross Gaudi , was designed as an office park administration , the right pavilion was built for the caretaker .Whimsical decor these fabulous houses makes them more sculptural than architectural works. The main staircase with fountains leads into the Hall of a hundred columns.At the bottom of the stairs, put your favorite character Gaudi - a mosaic dragon , the average area is decorated with a medallion with the Catalan flag and quad- head snake, and on the upper terrace , which is the center of the park complex and above the hypostyle hall, is a long , curved in the shape of the sea serpent bench .Profile of the bench was given a special shape that coincides with the outline of the body of a man sitting . Gaudi did this by working on the seated wet clay and measuring the thus bending the back.
hundred columns Hall has good acoustics , which is often used by local musicians.Its ceiling , which has an intricate shape, decorated with mosaics and false locks with the same whimsical ceramic lining, and that a park bench . Under the main esplanade of the hidden system of storm water that was used for water park: Water enters into a special tank through pipes placed inside the columns.From the main area of the park and around the stretched network of footpaths and trails leading to the promenade , built by Gaudí in local stone and for his bizarre appearance known as bird's nest.Nests serve straight from the slopes of the hill and appear to be fused with it, and the interior of a stone gallery, organized by the slope of the columns and supporting walls creates a mesmerizing game of perspective.
The park is the Gaudi Museum .It was opened in his former mansion in 1963, the Society of Friends of the architect , and contains samples of furniture , created by Gaudi, in particular, the furnishing of the house Batlló and Mila Houses .
In 1962, the architectural ensemble of the Park Güell was declared a monument of Art in Barcelona in 1969 - a monument of national importance, and in 1984, Park Güell , along with other creations of Antonio Gaudi, is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List . .
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