Yalta mountain- forest nature reserve was established in 1973. It covers mainly the western south coast ( 14 590 ha). Forests cover three quarters of its territory. Distributed on the slopes of tall , mostly pine (57 % of the forest reserve) , and broadleaf ( beech and oak ) forest , sometimes sub-Mediterranean evergreen understory .On the reserve nature trail laid Solar (formerly Royal ) 7 km . Preserve Cape Marian , located east of the Nikita Botanical Gardens ( on the same limestone Cape ), is with the Black Sea coast 240 ha .It was established in 1973 and is designed to preserve a corner of the Mediterranean the Crimea nature. Here is protected relict Mediterranean forest in which there are over 500 species of plants.Especially valuable are rare relic community , the only broad-leaved evergreen tree of Eastern Europe - red arbutus ( strawberry tree ) , listed in the International Red Book. Grow here and other Red Book species: high juniper , pistachio tupolistnaya .Cape Marian - a full-scale research laboratory Nikita Botanical Gardens, where lies the scientific nature trail .
In the south-eastern coast of the Crimea - the youngest on the peninsula Karadag Reserve ( founded in 1979).It covers an area drevnevulkanicheskogo mountain forest landscape between the peninsulas of methane and Knikatlama (2855 ha). In this unique museum, created by nature , you can read the chronicle of the Earth for nearly a hundred and fifty million years. The Karadag found more than 100 minerals and their varieties.Here there are semiprecious stones: carnelian , opal, bloodstone , agate, rock crystal , amethyst. You can see the attributes of fossil volcano lava flows and brekosii , dykes , mineral veins , volcanic bombs and even a channel guide once served the lava to the surface. Flora Karadag has about 1,050 species of plants.Only live here Pojarkova hawthorn , yaskolka Steven , tulips and other Koktebel rare species. 29 species of plants listed as endangered . Original and wildlife conservation areas are noted 35 species of mammals , 277 species of birds , 15 reptiles, 18 species of animals listed in the Red Book.juniper and strawberry ; Baydarsky reserve on the northern slope of the main ridge of canyons and relict juniper forests; Ajudag on the southern coast - the volcanic mountain with an array of sub-Mediterranean forest relic , the Grand Canyon of Crimea in the west of the main ridge - the deepest in the Crimea tectonic-erosion gorge ( 320 m ) with mixed forests , Weeping Rock - a picturesque tract of Foothill Valley West Bulganak -Cape Aiya in the west of the southern coast with its picturesque limestone cliffs , covered in ancient forests of pine StankevichLandscape (complex) sanctuaries are:For organized for tourists and sightseers Karadag paved nature trail training .
on the peninsula formed by 33 state reserve. Among them -16 sanctuaries of national importance.
The geological reserves are located in the mountainous Crimea : Black River in the west of the Main Ridge - Canyon gorge , canyon Kaczynski in place of the valley of the river breaking through the inner ridge Kachi ; Karst Mountains of the Crimea , which occupies part of the karst plateau Karabi- plateau.Kubalach - Mount in the east of the Crimean foothills with thickets of the endemic Cyclamen Kuznetsova ; Karabi- Yayla - upland plateau area , a place of growing medicinal plants; Kanaka - a valley in the eastern part of the South Coast with a relict grove of juniper , New World - a coastal mountain range in the south- east coast ,occupied by woodland of pine and juniper pitsundskoy high ; Arabatska Reserve - part of the steppe at the base of the arrow with the virgin Ara6atskoy Primorsko- steppe vegetation,
By the botanical reserves include:Haphalsky hydrological reserve is located on the southern slope of the main ridge of the gorge with a waterfall Jur-Jur .In Crimea, there are two important bird sanctuary where rare birds protected by the community : Karkinitsky off the northwest coast of the peninsula with an abundance of waterfowl , marshes Astana - lakeside shallows in the north of the Kerch Peninsula , habitat Ogar , gray cranes and other birds.Cat Mountain - limestone in the west of the South Coast ottorzhenets with sub-Mediterranean woodland , Sentry-both - the mountain limestone headland on the east with the South Coast juniper woodland , forest Agarmyshsky - yaylinsky array near the town of Stary Krym,on the slopes of which is protected by beech forest , the Ak -Kaya - rocky summit ridge of the foothills of the Inner shrubs ; Belbeksky Canyon - Valley of the river breaking through the inner ridge Belbek foothills ; Mangup Kale - mountain - outlier in the west of the Crimean foothills occupied by mixed forests ,13 of them have the status of national monuments, six sites are complex ( landscape ):Demerdzhi - Main Ridge mountains near Alushta , on the slopes of which rise above the original figure of weathering conglomerates ( Ghost Valley ) Kizil- Koba - tract on the western elephant Dolgorukovskaya Yayla , enclosing the largest cave system in the Crimea (13 , 7 km ) Karst Mine Soldier Karabi on -Yayla , the deepest in the Crimea (500 m )Dzhau Tepe - a large mud hill on the Kerch Peninsula
By the geological monuments of nature are 4 properties :In Crimea, 87 state nature monuments (occupying 2.4% of the entire protected area).
Hydrologic natural monument is Karasu- Bashi - mountain- forest tract at the source of the river Bink- Karasu on the northern slope Karabi- plateau.
By botanical monuments include the Kara- Tau - mountain top plateau Karabi- plateau occupied by the old beech forests, and NK - yaylinskaya excavation - on the main ridge of the Crimean where concentrated rare endemic cushion bush yaskolki Bieberstein ( Crimean edelweiss ) .
unique group of natural and man- protected areas are parks , memorials of landscape art . They are on a peninsula 21 ( 0.7% of the area occupied by reserve fund ). Among them are a statewide parks II Memorial .On the outstanding scientific value and beauty are the State Nikita Botanical Gardens , located east of Yalta mountain amphitheater (founded 1812 ) located on the southern coast of Crimea Foros Park ( 1st half of XIX century ); Alupka Park ( 1st half of XIX century ); Miskhorsky park (end of XVIII century.) Haraksky Park (the second half of XIX century. ) Livadia Park. ( 1st half of XIX century. ) Massandra park (1 half of the XIX century. ) Gurzufsky Park ( beginning of XIX century. ) Cypress in the park of Artek (beginning of XX century. ) Karasansky park east of the Ayu- Dag ( 1st half of XIX century . ) park resort cliff (mid- XIX century). .
in the natural- protected network of Crimea are also 10 government reserved tracts , which occupy 1.4% reserve fund of mountain and plain regions of the peninsula.
By 1993 , the Supreme Soviet of Crimea adopted the Law on Environmental Protection , which regulates and preservation work .
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