History.
The palace was built as a summer residence of a prominent Russian politician, governor-general of the Novorossiysk Territory Mikhail S. Vorontsov ( 1782-1856 ).The palace was designed by English architect Edward Blora . In the development of English Romanticism in the first half of XIX . important role played by passion ancient monuments , their study and restoration . This activity and devoted himself to Blore in his younger years.
Later, he was a court architect of George IV, then Queen Victoria.To Him belong the projects of Westminster Abbey, part of the facade of Buckingham Palace, several manor houses, as on the continent and in the former British colony of Australia. But perhaps the most independent and fully revealed his talent in the draft Alupka Palace .
Instead of geometrically strict grouping buildings Blore is picturesquely situated in direction from west to east , respectively, move mountains , making the palace very organically fit into the surrounding landscape and has found its like nothing on earth art and expressive image.From the housing to the body is given a clear idea of how to develop the medieval architecture , from early forms and ending with the XVI century. Emphasis is on the English version of architecture.
Palace.
The main entrance to the palace is located on the west side . Viator meets typically feudal castle - a fortress VIII - XI centuries.Round monumental watchtowers, blank walls, enclosed spaces . Such court cases and business is narrow, austere medieval passage that leads to the main building , the high battlements of rough masonry, slit-like window - slits .
In the ceremonial courtyard after feeling unexpectedly closed the flow of light and fresh air.Opens an unbelievably beautiful landscape with a peak of Ai- Petri Mountain in the distance , mounted in an architectural frame, one facet of which is the clock tower , the other - the eastern wing . Landscape below limits abutment with a fountain in the center. Wide-eyed windows , look at the park north facade of the main building .
In the carved stone ornamentation of the palace aptly expressed by the similarity between the various stylistic elements of Eastern and Western architecture . For example, between Gothic chimneys and minarets of the mosque. This similarity increases with the transition to the southern facade of the main building .Open to the sea, always sunny , it has elegant and festive look , changeable and whimsical shapes.
Alupka Park .
Then, in the first half of the XIX century , was founded and Alupka Park . The park is an ensemble with Vorontsov Palace. The park - more than 40 hectares.
Led by the Park German gardener Karl Kebah . Broken on the basis of the amphitheater, the park contains the entire composition space communication, oriented according to the cardinal points and extending from the base of the amphitheater - tea house by the sea - all the architectural objects of the park , the palace, all the visible and the invisible center of the landscape.Well thought out and fixed the strict logic of classical plan , hiding under the free picturesque lines pezazhnogo garden.
The park has about 200 exotic tree and shrub species, varieties and garden forms.Here palm trees and laurels , cypresses and olive trees , and large-fruited strawberry tree , monkey-puzzle and evergreen viburnum . A park in a landscape , or landscape style , without distorting , and complements nature, which if not touched by human hands .Everything is done with the skillful use of piles of stone chaos, mountain springs, native vegetation .
The coastal highway divides the park into the Upper and Lower.Upper Park is literally saturated with natural raisins : harsh stone of chaos and reflecting pool , fragments of natural forest and the south coastal groups of beautiful foreign trees . All of them have poetic names : Moonstone , Small, and more chaos , Trout , Mirror and Swan Lake , Plane , Sun , Contrast , Chestnut clearing.Attention is drawn to the fountain Trilby . Regarding his device has two assumptions: one explains its creation in 1829 in memory of his beloved dog , the other connects to the metamorphosis of the image falling on the house of grace, the faithful protected animals. Indeed , with the name of Trilby , introduced into the literature of XIX century.French romantic Charles Nodier in the eponymous story, communicates the spirit of a good home , with the disappearance of which housing is usually deserted.
Lower Park settled in the style of Italian Renaissance gardens - Fountain of Tears , which is a variant of the famous Fountain of Bakhchisarai , sung A.Pushkin Fountain Sink , sources Cat Eye , Teahouse , rock Aivazovsky , and finally , the lion's terrace with three pairs of white marble lions: sleeping , waking and awakening . The inscription on the plinth reads that all the six sculptures made of Carrara marble in the studio of the famous Italian sculptor V. Bonnani .
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