Church of Resurrection ( Savior on Spilled Blood ) was built as a nationwide historical memorial. Cathedral memorialized the Emperor Alexander II, his reformist policy reforms, and expressed repentance of the people of Russia.
However, the Savior on Spilled Blood - a historical monument tragic events of March 1 , 1881.
It would be wrong to perceive this temple just as a cult object , reading its wider and deeper. Ideologically -shaped structure of the Savior reflects not so much religious as political , historical , artistic, stylistic and even city-forming principle.
Adjacent to the cathedral area - one of the oldest parts of St. Petersburg, the \
Primykayushchaya k soboru territoriya - odna iz naibolyee staryh chastyeĭ Peterburga, \u0026quot;yadro\u0026quot; tsentra goroda, sformirovavshegosya v pervoĭ treti XVIII veka.V etot period skladyvaet·sya gorodskaya sistema kommunikatsiĭ, kogda Bolʹshaya i Malaya Konyushennye ulitsy sluzhili transportnym kanalom mezhdu Pridvornym konyushennym vedomstvom i Nevskim prospektom.Location of the temple in the heart of the city has identified the highest level of value of surrounding space. It is especially rich in historical and cultural environment, represented by such treasures of spiritual culture, as the Russian Museum , the Maly Opera Theater , the Grand Philharmonic Hall and churches of various denominations .Perhaps, in the historical center of St. Petersburg there is no other such facilities as opposed to the surrounding architectural and spatial environment - its silhouette , composition , rich decor.
The cathedral attracts many pomp and decoration: scalloped aprons , kokoshniks, belts , ceramic tiles , colored glazed tiles . Five domes of the temple are covered with enamel jewelry area of 1000 square meters. m. Its bell tower is decorated with mosaic emblems of cities and provinces of the Russian Empire.
N. A. Lavrov. Alexander II. Oil on canvas.1860Kazalos , due to the peculiarities of architecture and decoration of the temple of Christ's resurrection should be discordant element in the environment. But he is perfectly entered in the urban landscape , mainly due to the reconstruction of this part of St. Petersburg , performed by project engineers GG Krivosheina, N. Mitinskiy , NA Zhitnevicha and architects A.Parland and R. Melzer .
In 1892, the bell tower in front of the Savior on Spilled Blood was built wide hardwood floor of the Catherine Canal, like the Blue and the Kazan bridges, formed the pavement of the area laid out in front of the temple .
The southern, eastern and northern sides of the square were decorated with curved wall , made the project Parland . It consisted of 52 units with a stylized floral ornaments , forged in the St. Petersburg plant in Winkler C. 1903 - 1907.Staged a sidewalk along the fence of the flakiness of plates with granite base on the southern and northern sides of the sidewalk adjacent to the cathedral. The eastern part of the square before the temple decorations for lawns and flower beds.
Church of the Resurrection of Christ was never intended to , and not only was the stronghold of church life. This was not thought even church leaders .And for them it was a temple -monument , a temple -symbol.
That's what I wrote about this highly educated and well- thinking , Archpriest NikolaiAntonov : \Antonov: \u0026quot;Vot etot-to hram Voskreseniya Hristova i prilegayushchiĭ k nemu raĭon i nadlezhalo by sdelatʹ sredotochiem vsego togo, chto imyeet hudozhestvennoe otnoshenie k imperatoru Aleksandru II, i proshche vsego, v oblasti zhivopisi i voobshche izobrazitelʹnogo iskusstva\u0026quot;.
Church of the Resurrection by Michael sadaKak museum and saw Antonov sacristy of the Savior on Blood , even offered to expand the museum (perhaps planned to build another small building, the Mikhailovsky Garden .)Intelligent and his thoughts about the device kind of museum in the garden - the installation of statues figures of Russian art in the second half of the XIX century, and, above all , the Emperor Alexander II.
Savior on Spilled Blood Antonov and his supporters wanted to see the \
Spas na krovi Antonov i yego yedinomyshlenniki hoteli videtʹ \u0026quot;priyutom\u0026quot; russkoĭ natsionalʹnoĭ muzykalʹnoĭ kulʹtury, tsentrom duhovnogo peniya, vystupleniĭ horov.V tu poru ne shla rechʹ ob etom sobore kak o postoyanno dyeĭstvuyushchyeĭ tserkvi - vse ponimali yego isklyuchitelʹnuyu hudozhestvennuyu tsennostʹ.Ni odno iz etih predlozheniĭ ne ustarelo v nashe vremya.Essentially, this program is ready to revival of the church.
Bureau of Central Executive Committee (Minutes № 67 of 30. 10. 1930 ), decided to close the current Church of the Resurrection of Christ. For a long period of spiritual and educational role of the cathedral -monument , first as a church court , then the parish , was irrelevant.
The Secretariat of the Central Council of the Society of Political Prisoners in November 1930 gave ruined temple museum section . But learn the immense building , but also keep it in proper order politkatorzhanam was not able to do. Some time church was empty.It was believed , and that was on hand to the new owners of the country, that the blood of Christ does not represent any historical or artistic value. A campaign to destroy him .
In November 1931 the Regional Commission for Religious decide whether disassembly of the Savior on Spilled Blood in parts.Then, at some time this issue was removed from the agenda.
Again he raised in 1938. The action plan for 1941 . It seemed as if the fate of Memorial Church , like many other Russian churches, has been solved. But due to the beginning of World War II explosives are literally off the walls of the temple were sent to the front.During the siege of the Savior on Spilled Blood is placed morgue , dead bodies dumped here in Leningrad .
After the war council rents Maly Opera Theater , and arranges it in dock .The building continues to collapse , after the war to a \Zdanie prodolzhaet razrushatʹsya, posle voĭny k \u0026quot;neprofilʹnoĭ\u0026quot; ekspluatatsii dobavilisʹ razbitye stekla okon, otverstiya ot oskolkov v kupolah i krovle, cherez kotorye vnutrʹ popadala vlaga.
Another critical moment in the life of the church - in 1956 , when city officials once again demolish the cathedral conceived under the pretext of traffic arteries . A new campaign is the destruction of religious buildings , which lasted over ten years.
It was only in 1968 the church was taken under protection by the State Inspection for Heritage Protection under the Main architectural and planning management. In 1970 the director of the museum \A v 1970 godu direktoru muzyeya \u0026quot;Isaakievskiĭ sobor\u0026quot; G. P.Boutique managed to prove the first guide of the city, and then officials of the Ministry of Culture historic and artistic value of this temple. It also seeks to transfer the monument to his museum as a branch , for restoration work and discoveries in the future museum.
the Leningrad City Soviet Executive Committee July 20, 1970 decided № 535 \
By this time the Church of the Resurrection was in disrepair and require urgent restoration .
First, there was a large volume of construction and engineering works, without which the restoration was impossible to start .In parallel, researchers studied the museum's archival materials on the Savior on Spilled Blood, and not only in Leningrad and in Moscow , Sverdlovsk, and Barnaul. To determine the status of decorative and artistic decoration of the monument and give recommendations for the restoration to sign contracts with institutes and research laboratories .
directly to the restoration began only in 1980.
The first stage of scientific restoration and rehabilitation work was completed on August 19, 1997 , and the museum -monument to \
Pervyĭ etap nauchno-restavratsionnyh i vosstanovitelʹnyh rabot byl zavershen 19 avgusta 1997 goda, i muzyeĭ-pamyatnik \u0026quot;Spas na krovi\u0026quot; otkryl svoi dveri dlya posetitelyeĭ.Osnova yego ekspozitsii - arhitektura i hudozhestvenno-dekorativnoe ubranstvo.
By their very nature museum exhibits works of religious art , harmoniously combining the artistic and informational value and a memorial .
The museum \
Ekspozitsiya muzyeya \u0026quot;Spas na krovi\u0026quot; - odno iz sredstv poznaniya otechestvennoĭ istorii i kulʹtury.He sees his task in revealing the historical and artistic value of the cathedral, allows our contemporaries feel a sense of belonging to the country's history and culture.
Church of the Resurrection - the only remaining monument in St. Petersburg, the Tsar Alexander II.
The immediate tasks of the State Museum \
Blizhaĭshie zadachi gosudarstvennogo muzyeya \u0026quot;Spas na krovi\u0026quot; - vosstanovlenie prezhnego statusa istoriko-memorialʹnogo kompleksa.
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