I want the roses ,
That is the only garden.
Where is the best in the world of fencing.
A Akhmatova.
The Summer Garden - the oldest in St. Petersburg. The story of its creation is linked with construction of the northern capital of Russia. Almost as old as the city, the garden is laid in 1704 - a year after the founding of St. Petersburg.Peter I chose the left bank of the Neva River site for the garden, he was the author of its first plan, the development and implementation of which was attended by architects, Matveev, D. Trezzini, A. Schluter, J.- B. Leblond, M. Zemtsov , gardeners, H. Roos , I. Surmin , and much remains unknown talented Russian craftsmen and builders.Garden was created in the regular style. Its has a geometrical layout , trimmed bushes and trees , an abundance of ponds , fountains , garden structures and decorative sculpture of marble . On the alleys in the summer of greenhouse exhibited rare tropical plants. In the special cages and aviaries contained songbirds and exotic animals.
Most of the statues for the Summer Garden acquired by order of Peter I in Italy, in workshops known sculptors D. Bonazzi , P. Baratta, M. Gropelli . A. Talyapetra and others. By special order of Peter I in 1722 the Venetian sculptor P. Baratta made the sculptural group \Po spetsialʹnomu zakazu Petra I v 1722 godu venetsianskiĭ skulʹptor P. Baratta izgotovil skulʹpturnuyu gruppu \u0026laquo;Mir i Izobilie\u0026raquo;.The group symbolizes the victory of Russia over Sweden in the Northern War (1700 - 1721 gg.) And is an allegorical depiction of Nishtadt world. One of the most valuable for its artistic merit, the sculptural group \Odna iz naibolyee tsennyh po svoim hudozhestvennym dostoinstvam skulʹpturnaya gruppa \u0026laquo;Amur i Psihyeya\u0026raquo; vypolnena nyeizvestnym italʹyanskim skulʹptorom v kontse XVII veka.A collection of decorative garden sculpture in the Summer Garden has more than 200 statues , busts and sculpture groups . Not all of them have survived . Some died in the floods , while others have been transferred to suburban palace parks, and ancient statues adorned the halls of the original Hermitage.
The only architectural structure that has survived in the Summer Gardens from the beginning of the XVIII century, is the Palace of Peter I, was built in 1710 - 1712 by the architect Domenico Trezzini . The decoration of its interiors attended by famous architects: A. ITsyuter , N. Michetti , G. -I. Mattarnovi , M. Zemtsov.
Close to the Palace from the Neva River Garden area protects one of the most magnificent of grids in the world. It was built in 1784, according to the drawings of architect J. Felten , with the participation Egorov . Finished Neva fencing of the Summer Garden was in 1827 after the installation of fan-shaped forged by Charlemagne L. completions.She linked the garden with granite embankments and wide expanses of the Neva River in a single ensemble. Made by Russian craftsmen , artisans - blacksmiths and stonemasons Tula village Putilova, Neva fencing of the Summer Garden on its artistic merit, has become one of its main attractions.Near the entrance to the garden from the Embankment, on the shore of the pond Karpieva , in 1839, set a vase of pink porphyry , founded in Sweden in Elfdalene .
At one site , near the main avenues, surrounded by thick foliage is a monument to great Russian fabulist Ivan Krylov . This is the first monument dedicated to the writer in Russia.It was opened - in 1855. P. Klodt sculptor portrayed fabulist think deeply about the open book . On a pedestal of dark gray granite Klodt from drawings by artist A. Agin created reliefs showing the popular heroes of Krylov 's fables .
changes with time image of the Summer Garden .Trees have ceased to give a haircut , and a garden , keeping a regular layout , changes to a landscape park.
From the first years of its existence, the Summer Garden played a prominent role in public life in the city . In the XVIII century there were organized the festivities and illuminations on the occasion of the victory of Russia in the Northern War , held receptions of foreign ambassadors .
In the XIX century, the Summer Garden was taken over by the city council. During this time he became a favorite place for walks and meetings of prominent Russian writers , musicians and public figures. At its alleys visited VA Zhukovsky , N. Gnedich , IA Goncharov, Ivan Krylov , VG Korolenko. Taras Shevchenko wrote in the garden with statues of their studies.With love recollected Summer Garden Pushkin. In a letter to his wife, the poet wrote: \],[],[],[YA v nem doma\u0026raquo;.
S Letnim sadom svyazan dramaticheskiĭ epizod russkoĭ istorii.Tells about a plaque mounted on the fence at the main gate . Hence, in April 1866 Narodovolets DV Karakozov shot at Alexander II. Karakozov missed, was captured and executed .
After the Great October Socialist Revolution, the Summer Garden and Palace of Peter I have been declared public property and are protected by the state. In 1934, the Summer Palace was opened historical byto -ing a memorial museum. Hardships endured by the garden during the Great Patriotic War.The sculptures were carefully concealed in the ground, the museum's exhibits taken to the rear . Sad been shelling and aerial bombardment. Their traces even now can be seen on trees. After the war undergone large-scale restoration work in the Palace Museum of Peter I. The updated alleys again took their places with marble statues .Currently, architects are developing a project that in the Summer Garden will be restored lost elements of the regular fleet of XVIII century.
Summer Garden in the literature.
The Summer Garden is mentioned in the novel in verse \
Letniĭ sad upominaet·sya v romane v stihah \u0026laquo;Yevgeniĭ Onegin\u0026raquo; Aleksandra Pushkina .Vot kak poet opisyvaet det·stvo glavnogo geroya:.
Monsieur l'Abbé, French shabby ,
Not to be exhausted child,
I taught him everything a joke,
Do not bother morals strict,
lightly scolded for antics .
And in the summer garden walk led .
But his wife, Pushkin wrote .
\],[After dinner, sleep in it, get up and write. I'm in it at home. \],[
