Gorodskaya Mariinsky Hospital .
The hospital provided almost all the most common medical specialties : abdominal surgery, thoracic surgery, urology, gynecology, otolaryngology , neurology, neurosurgery , gastroenterology , cardiology, general medicine , pulmonology, endocrinology , ophthalmology, there is a proper separation of blood transfusion .Each year the hospital treated more than 40 000 people, of whom about one-third receive care as outpatients. In surgical wards , or more than 600 beds , are performed each year around 12 000 operations, and results of surgical treatment in the hospital , usually better than the average urban figures.
The history of Maria bolnitsy .
In 2003, Maria Hospital in St. - Petersburg 200 years old . The hospital on Prospect Foundry can be considered the oldest in the city among hospitals for general use. It opened in a specially built for her building.
A brief history of its following.
In 1802, the widow of Paul I , Maria Feodorovna gave to his son Alexander I thought about the device hospital for the poor to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the capital. Develop a project commissioned court architect Giacomo Quarenghi. Construction began on May 28, 1803 in St. Paul's Church bookmarks .The two-story hospital building with church in the middle , the central corridor of the side chambers was completed in spring 1805, but the opening was postponed to the day hospital of St. Alexander - August 3, etc. Saint's day , before the young emperor .
The building is the hospital mentioned noble simplicity and elegant austerity of architectural proportions .The internal layout of the hospital , too, was carefully planned . House of the room and separated from each other by thick walls, so that patients are less worried about each other . In the largest ward housed no more than 15 beds . The principle of the corridor plan, created by the European type , and not obsolete yet.
Shortly after opening , the hospital has become a practical school for young doctors Medico-Surgical Academy . However, treatment at that time was reduced to normal massazhirovaniyu , cupping , the use of blister flies and leeches.
were in vogue folk, voodoo practices and treatments .
From the beginning of 1814to care for the sick were brought so-called compassionate widows, who were appointed from the Widows' Home here . Hospital statement about their duty said: \Bolʹnichnaya instruktsiya po povodu ih dezhurstva glasila: “Dolzhnostʹ ne mnogoslozhna, no vazhna dlya strazhduyushchih i trebuet horoshego rassudka i mnogo terpeniya”.,On the cross, the family on the one hand , around the image of the Mother of God , written all the mourners joy , and with another word: Serdobol .
Some of the former Italian garden, the hospital component , not only served as a convalescent patient walks , but also bring considerable revenue.Prior to 1836 there were greenhouses, and until the end of the 1850s , vegetable gardens, which were grown fruits and vegetables .
After the death of Empress Maria Feodorovna - October 1828 - the hospital in her honor was named Mary .
From the beginning, the principal and senior doctors were appointed by the Swedes , but most medical staff consisted of Germans, sometimes not even those who knew the Russian language. Sorrowful sheets ( histories ) were for a long time in it in German and Latin languages . Until 1866 the names of patients were listed only in German.But on the other hand this is a special meaning: \],[Sie delaet·sya dlya togo,daby on ne znal svoyeĭ opasnosti”.I vse zhe v etoĭ rutine otelʹnye predstaviteli russkoĭ meditsiny probivali sebe dorogu.One of them was an outstanding Russian surgeon Buyal'skiy I. In . , Was in charge of surgery at the hospital. That much, that through Buyal'skiy IV occurred in the first surgery , performed Mary Hospital.It is here carried out most of its wide variety of operations ranging from plastic and bone , and ending with hernias and lithotomy . During his lifetime, JVBuyal'skiy made more than 2,000 major operations - the figure for those days is fantastic, and he was faithful to sacred principle, that expressed in one of his postulates: \],[semʹ raz podumaĭ i odin raz otrezhʹ”.
In late 1854, when the Crimean War was the theater of war from the hospital on their own were sent to seven paramedics and 30 compassionate widows \],[sluzhit to, chto 12 vdov konchili svoe sushchestvovanie, vpav v boleznʹ ot gospitalʹnyh zanyatiĭ i zarazy”.
Chief physician of the hospital in 1884 , he became a student of SP Botkin Alyshevsky VI . When it became practical school hospital for young doctors and candidates of the Military Medical Academy, were called interns. With a small salary interns were at the hospital board and lodging , ie lived in the hospital .They used the advice of doctors here , producing small operations , dressed wounds, were history and so on
Mariinsky hospital was among the first in the city took the blows of epidemics that struck St. Petersburg in the mid -19th century.In cholera, 1831 - 1832 period differed hozhataya maid Vasil'eva, \V holeru 1831 - 1832 godov otlichalasʹ hozhataya prisluzhnitsa Vasilʹeva, “kak pervaya, podavshaya primer uhoda za holernymi bolʹnymi”.V tifoznuyu epidemiyu 1846 goda naplyv bolʹnyh byl nastolʹko velik, chto bolʹnitsa byla vynuzhdena yezhednevno otkazyvatʹ v prieme mnogih iz nih.In cholera, 1870 - 1873 period there was no civilian who wanted to volunteer to look after the sick, and then , at the request of the hospital , the chief - the chief of police for the city seconded + firefighters.
In the spring of 1845 in its territory, on-site garden, designed by APBriullov ( brother of the painter Charles Bryullov ) with the participation of the architect of I- Charlemagne began to erect a new building. It came into operation on the eve of 1848 and was named Alexandrinskaya Women's Hospital , which has become a specialized branch of Mary Hospital. Historian PNStolpyansky put forward the theory that because of the arrival here of people \Stolpyanskiĭ vydvinul versiyu, chto iz-za prihoda syuda lyudyeĭ “s nadezhdoĭ vyzdorovetʹ” , byvshuyu Shestilavochnuyu ulitsu, k kotoroĭ primykalo novoe otdelenie bolʹnitsy, stali nazyvatʹ Nadezhdinskoĭ ulitsyeĭ (nyne ulitsa Mayakovskogo).
In 1891, close to Alexandrinskaya Women's Hospital due to an increase in the number of outpatients clinic building was built , in which a year later was transferred to the surgical and therapeutic foster .By February 1905 the building was finished last in the hospital , dedicated to its 100th anniversary , two-story building insulating compartment.
In each of the departments of the hospital there was a small library for patients who were shown pictures of light with a \
V kazhdom iz otdeleniĭ bolʹnitsy sushchestvovali nebolʹshie biblioteki dlya bolʹnyh, demonstrirovalisʹ svetovye kartinki pri pomoshchi “volshebnogo fonarya”.Library for doctors placed in the ground floor main building and in 1914 numbered 7344 volumes.
Hospital in addition to their capital supervised by the state treasury. She was appointed as an honorary trustee wealthy , which contributed to its material and moral needs . So the guardian in 1832-1839 he was a famous composer and philanthropist M. J.Vielgorsky , and then Prince PG Oldenburg , who supported many progressive accomplishments in domestic medicine. In February 1844 at the initiative of the Prince of Oldenburg was established at the hospital paramedic school with a three-year course . PGOldenburg supplied the hospital with his own money with various preparations , chairs, stretchers and even personally designed a special hydrostatic bed with a rubber mattress for patients suffering from bed sores .
In 1889, the iron fence in front of Mary Hospital on a granite pedestal by sculptor I.Schroeder, a sculpture PG Oldenburg in memory of his care and maintenance activities . In Soviet times, in its place established for traditional medicine cup, entwined with a snake of Asclepius , and sculpture has been lost.
Since the beginning of the 1st World War, many doctors at the hospital were sent to the front , and the hospital itself took the wounded soldiers.In the February Revolution of 1917. the Mariinsky hospital brought people affected by street battles, in connection with what in 1918. She was awarded the title \yeĭ bylo prisvoeno nazvanie “Bolʹnitsa v pamyatʹ zhertv revolyutsii”.
V pervye gody Sovet·skoĭ vlasti bolʹnitsa stala klinicheskoĭ bazoĭ instituta usovershenstvovaniya vrachyeĭ .It created new offices for the ear , nose and throat diseases, urology , therapeutic, surgical clinics. It was discovered tuberculosis unit . In 1930. the hospital was organized blood transfusion service . In 1937. , was the first in the city casualty department .
During the second World War, during the blockade in the hospital were established independent specialist hospitals and offices on the basis of the so-called \
Vo vremya 2-oĭ Mirovoĭ voĭny v period blokady v bolʹnitse byli sozdany samostoyatelʹnye spetsializirovannye gospitali i otdeleniya na baze tak nazyvaemyh “operativnyh koek”, vydelennyh Lengorzdravotdelom.Takih koek zdesʹ bylo 785, gde prinimali ranenyh iz chisla grazhdanskogo naseleniya osazhdennogo Leningrada.Of bombs and artillery shells that struck the city suffered an operating extension to the Neurosurgical Institute , some offices , laundry, kitchen and other rooms. It was broken central heating , electric lights , winter temperature in the chambers reaches zero degrees Celsius.Water is carried in buckets from the Fontanka River, on the walls of the wood used demolished buildings, otaplivaya little \Vodu nosili vedrami iz Fontanki, na drova ispolʹzovali steny razrushennyh zdaniĭ, otaplivaya malenʹkimi “burzhuĭkami” bolʹshie pomeshcheniya.Vo vremya blokady nekotorye sotrudniki bolʹnitsy pogibli ot istoshcheniya i obstrelov, no svoyu rabotu bolʹnitsa ne prekrashchala ni na odin denʹ.
After the war, the ruined hospital buildings have been restored gardens, and farms in its territory abolished. In 1955 the hospital opened six medical school. It prepares qualified nurses and other paramedical staff , and to this day.Since 1997, the same school opened a branch of orthodox training nurses.
Despite its considerable age, the Mariinsky hospital today - a modern general hospital with capacity of more than 1000 beds. Mariinsky hospital - a hospital pavilion type .In the historical center of St. Petersburg on the territory of 6.2 hectares located 15 buildings and structures of the hospital, where placed 18 clinical and 20 support personnel. Today, the hospital runs a little over 1,000 people.Mariinsky hospital - the basis of emergency medical assistance to residents of central St. Petersburg , where more than 500 000 people.
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Contacts.
Mariinsky hospital - proezda194104 card . St. Petersburg.
Foundry , etc., 56.
Information: 275-74-46 , 275-74-65 .
Polyclinic : 275-75-31 , 275-75-28 .
Division paid services: 273-26-83 , 275-74-37 .
E-mail: admin @ mariin. ru.
Internet: www. mariin. ru.
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