Vienna

History.

Vienna - the capital of Austria , is situated on the banks of the Danube River. At the site of today's city center about 500 BC. Oe. was founded by a Celtic settlement Vindobona , after four centuries it was captured by soldiers of the Roman Empire , which occupied Vindobonu to 5 century BC. Oe. In the 8th century built Ruprechtskirche - the oldest church in Vienna.

In the 10th century the city became an important trading point, and in the early 12th century. became the residence of the Dukes Babengergov . In 1246 Mr , was killed last of Babengergov board and passed to the Habsburg dynasty. At the time of the Habsburgs were built architectural masterpieces such as the Stephansdom, Schönbrunn, Hofburg, Belvedere.In 1693 built Plague Column in the memory of the deliverance of the city from the plague in 1679 . Since the beginning of the 19th century. Vienna Biedermeier style blossom , which became the founders of the composers and artists in Vienna. And since that time the city became the European center of culture and art.

attractions .

Vienna has 23 districts , the first area or Innere Stadt ( Inner City ) - city center , but until 1850 it was all Vienna . The main attractions are concentrated here .

Stephansdom.

The symbol of Vienna , Stephansdom, is located on the homonymous square. The cathedral was built in the 13th - 15th centuries on the site of the burnt church.The cathedral is stored Pec icon, in 1696, became famous for miracles. In the north tower of the cathedral is a bell Pummerin - the largest bell in Austria. Also in the cathedral there are ancient measure of tissue and of bread. In Stephansdom buried Rudolph 4, Frederick 3, Eugene of Savoy, as well as 72 members of the Habsburg dynasty.In the eastern part of the cathedral , or rather under it, is an underground cemetery and the catacombs. Here are buried about 11 thousand people.

Hoher Markt.

If we move from Stephansplatz towards the Danube Canal , then get on the Hoher Markt, the oldest square in Vienna.In the old days there was a fish market, was the Palace of Justice and the pillory . In the eastern corner of the square between the two houses are Ankerur - dancing clock with music.

Staatsoper - the State Opera .

Also in the first district are Staatsoper and the Burgtheater.Vienna State Opera House (until 1918 - the Vienna court opera) was built in 1863-1869 years . The first work shown at the theater , the opera was Don Giovanni . Burgtheater was founded by decree of Empress Maria Theresa in 1741 under the name of the Theatre Royal at the Palace . Here, the premiere of Mozart's Marriage of Figaro.Between these theaters is the winter residence of the Habsburgs - Hofburg.

The residence of the Habsburgs - Hofburg.

This is a complex of structures built with 13th to 19th centuries. This Sweizerhof ( Swiss Court ) , named so because of the personal protection of Maria Theresa - Swiss Guard. And Stallburg - court stables.Opposite the entrance is in Sweizerhof Amalienburg - there were rooms of Empress Sissy. Hofbibliothek ( court library) , it is now the National Library , which is based personal collection of books and manuscripts of the Habsburgs. In the New Hofburg (Neue Hofburg) now there are several museums and a large reading room.Through the gate, get on Heldentor Heldenplatz - Heroes' Square . In the center of the square are monuments to two generals - the Archduke Charles and Prince Eugene of Savoy.

Coffee and pastry shops .

Do not forget the pastry and coffee , which is famous for Vienna , for example , confectioner Demel, where candy and sweets are still made ​​by hand.

The first region - the central focus of all Vienna sights.

around the first area is the Boulevard Ring - Ringstrasse.Leisurely stroll along the boulevards, you'll see the Houses of Parliament , Town Hall , University of , Burgtheater, State Opera, as well as relax in a park , also located along the Ring . This Volksgarten, centered on the temple of Theseus, and Burggarten, in which are monuments to Emperor Franz Joseph 1, VAMozart , Stadtpark, located on both sides of the Danube Canal . In the city park has many statues famous people - F. Schubert , J. Strauss , F. Leary . Outside the first area there is another park , best known outside Vienna - leisure park Prater.Here is the famous Ferris wheel with cabins, like the red buses. In addition to the wheel in the park is a miniature railway along the Prater , as well as many other attractions.

Palace Schönbrunn.

One of the attractions of Vienna - Palace of Schönbrunn - the summer residence of the Habsburgs.The complex consists of a palace, a huge park and zoo. Schönbrunn Zoo is the oldest in the world, already in 1570 to its current territory was a zoo , established to breed animals for hunting. In the zoo, guided tours , including night and for children.In the park are of great beauty Gloriette , with a terrace offering a wonderful view of Vienna , the Palm Pavilion and the Labyrinth, from which children will be delighted.

Museumsquartier - the Museum Quarter .

Museumsquartier- a complex of museums and exhibition halls devoted to the art of 20-21 centuries.Here are the Leopold Museum , Museum of Modern Art, Architecture center , the Kunsthalle , as well as for children - ZOOM Kindermuseum.

Frederick Stovaser .

Ha Löwengasse corner and an apartment house worth Kegelgasse Hundertwasser Haus - the first house designed by architect Hundertwasser .Each apartment is painted a different color on the facade and common areas - in gray . On all flat parts of the building are planted grass and trees. All the angles : window sills, door jambs, window frames - rounded. Gift Center across the street Kalke Village.

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