Mariupol

Mariupol ( s1878po1879g. - g . Pavlovsk, s1950 to 1989 . -R. Zhdanov) - Port city and commercial center, located on the shore of the Azov Sea at the mouth of the rivers and Kalmius Kalchik . City of sailors , metallurgists and machinists.Informal capital of the Crimean Greeks resettled cyuda the Russian government after the expulsion of the Christian population of the Crimea in the Sea of ​​Azov . Founded in 1878 .

In the place of the XVI century there was a Cossack fortress . With the elimination of Zaporizhzhya Sich and the annexation of land to Russia Azov Kalmiusskoy Palanca became part of the Azov province .In 1778 the county was laid out town of Pavlovsk , which in 1779 awarded the title of Mariupol.

In view of the fact that the Azov steppes due to its favorable climate and fertile land at all times, enjoyed great popularity among the nomadic tribes and nationalities in the city had found traces of the ancient sites of the people of the Stone Age ( 40-10 thousandyears ago) , a cemetery novokamennogo Age ( 6000 years ago) , mounds tribes of copper - bronze (5-4 thousand years ago), the Scythian and Sarmatian tribes ( 2,5-2 thousand years ago) and nomadic ( 1000 years ago) , the settlement of farmers ( 1000 years ago).

The inhabitants of the city were engaged in tanning , candle making , rendering lard , manufacturing bricks, tiles and lime . The city had several wind farms and two water mills. Have been developed and blacksmithing Cooperage . But the main occupation of the inhabitants of the city was trade .

With the advent of the city in 1882railroad , which connected him with the Donets Basin and other economic centers in the country began active development of the city . Donetsk coal began to enter the port of Mariupol , who was at the mouth of the river Kalmius , but its capacity was insufficient to cope with the increased Number of cargo. Therefore, in the 1886-1889 years . built a new port.He called the revival of trade , the influx of population into the city. The city opened consulates and consular agencies in Greece , Italy, Austria- Hungary, Turkey, Belgium, Germany, Great Britain.

An important industrial center of Mariupol was at the end of the XIX century.When there were built steel mills - Nikopol Mariupol Mining and Metallurgical Society and Society Russian Providans which produced steel sheet, oil pipelines pipes, rails and other products. At the end of the XIX century.Mariupol metallurgical but acted plants: agricultural machinery, iron foundry , 6 leather , 27 brick-tile , pasta factory , two steam-mills .

In 1920, as a result of unification of the two steel mills - Nikopol and Russian Providans Mariupol was founded Plant.Lenin, still in effect .

In the early 30s in the city declared a kosmsomolskaya building and thousands of young people from all over the Soviet Union erected steel giant Iron \u0026 Steel Works .

Today Mariupol industrial and commercial center in the south was stolen. There are large enterprises of metallurgy and machine building.In the vicinity of the city on the Azov Sea coast has many sandy beaches , resorts and holiday homes, where people are treated and the rest from around the world .

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